Unconventional superconductors are materials that display superconductivity but that do not conform to BCS theory or its extensions.
The first unconventional superconductor was discovered by J.G. Bednorz[?] and K.A. Mueller[?] in 1986. It was a Lanthanum-based cuprate perovskite material with critical temperature of approximately 35K (-238 degrees Celsius). This was well above the highest criticial temperature known at the time (Tc=23K) and thus the new family of materials were called high-temperature superconductors. J.G. Bednorz[?] and K.A. Mueller[?] received the Nobel prize for Physics for this discovery in 1987.
Since then, many other high-temperature superconductors have been synthesized. As early as 1987, superconductivity above 77K, the boiling point of nitrogen, was achieved. This is highly significant from the point of view of the technological applications of superconductivity, because liquid nitrogen is far less expensive than liquid helium, which is required to cool conventional superconductors down to their critical temperature. The current record critical temperature is about Tc=133K (-140°C) at room pressure, and somewhat higher critical temperatures can be achieved at high pressure. Nevertheless at present it is considered unlikely that cuprate perovskite materials will achieve room-temperature superconducitivty.
On the other hand, in recent years other unconventional superconductors have been discovered. These include some that
do not superconduct at high temperatures, such as the strontium-ruthenate oxide compounds, but that, like the
high-temperature superconductors, are unconventional in other ways (for example, the origin of the attractive force leading to the formation of Cooper pairs[?] may be different from the one postulated in BCS theory). In addition to this, supeconductors that have unusually high values of Tc but that are not cuprate perovskites have been discovered. Some of them may be extreme examples of conventional superconductors (this is suspected of magnesium diboride,
MgB2, with Tc=39K). Others display more unconventional features.
Common misspelling and questions (FAQ)
nconventional-superconductors uconventional-superconductors unonventional-superconductors uncnventional-superconductors uncoventional-superconductors unconentional-superconductors unconvntional-superconductors unconvetional-superconductors unconvenional-superconductors unconventonal-superconductors unconventinal-superconductors unconventioal-superconductors unconventionl-superconductors unconventiona-superconductors unconventionalsuperconductors unconventional-uperconductors unconventional-sperconductors unconventional-suerconductors unconventional-suprconductors unconventional-supeconductors unconventional-superonductors unconventional-supercnductors unconventional-supercoductors unconventional-superconuctors unconventional-supercondctors unconventional-supercondutors unconventional-superconducors unconventional-superconductrs unconventional-superconductos unconventional-superconductor nuconventional-superconductors ucnonventional-superconductors unocnventional-superconductors uncnoventional-superconductors uncovnentional-superconductors unconevntional-superconductors unconvnetional-superconductors unconvetnional-superconductors unconvenitonal-superconductors unconventoinal-superconductors unconventinoal-superconductors unconventioanl-superconductors unconventionla-superconductors unconventiona-lsuperconductors unconventionals-uperconductors unconventional-usperconductors unconventional-spuerconductors unconventional-sueprconductors unconventional-supreconductors unconventional-supecronductors unconventional-superocnductors unconventional-supercnoductors unconventional-supercodnuctors unconventional-superconudctors unconventional-supercondcutors unconventional-supercondutcors unconventional-superconducotrs unconventional-superconductros unconventional-superconductosr unconventional-superconductor uunconventional-superconductors unnconventional-superconductors uncconventional-superconductors uncoonventional-superconductors unconnventional-superconductors unconvventional-superconductors unconveentional-superconductors unconvenntional-superconductors unconventtional-superconductors unconventiional-superconductors unconventioonal-superconductors unconventionnal-superconductors unconventionaal-superconductors unconventionall-superconductors unconventional--superconductors unconventional-ssuperconductors unconventional-suuperconductors unconventional-supperconductors unconventional-supeerconductors unconventional-superrconductors unconventional-supercconductors unconventional-supercoonductors unconventional-superconnductors unconventional-supercondductors unconventional-superconduuctors unconventional-superconducctors unconventional-superconducttors unconventional-superconductoors unconventional-superconductorrs unconventional-superconductorss 7nconventional-superconductors ynconventional-superconductors hnconventional-superconductors 8nconventional-superconductors jnconventional-superconductors 8nconventional-superconductors inconventional-superconductors jnconventional-superconductors uhconventional-superconductors ubconventional-superconductors ujconventional-superconductors ujconventional-superconductors umconventional-superconductors undonventional-superconductors unxonventional-superconductors unfonventional-superconductors unfonventional-superconductors unvonventional-superconductors unc9nventional-superconductors uncinventional-superconductors uncknventional-superconductors unc0nventional-superconductors unclnventional-superconductors unc0nventional-superconductors uncpnventional-superconductors unclnventional-superconductors uncohventional-superconductors uncobventional-superconductors uncojventional-superconductors uncojventional-superconductors uncomventional-superconductors unconfentional-superconductors unconcentional-superconductors uncongentional-superconductors uncongentional-superconductors unconbentional-superconductors unconv3ntional-superconductors unconvwntional-superconductors unconvsntional-superconductors unconv4ntional-superconductors unconvdntional-superconductors unconv4ntional-superconductors unconvrntional-superconductors unconvdntional-superconductors unconvehtional-superconductors unconvebtional-superconductors unconvejtional-superconductors unconvejtional-superconductors unconvemtional-superconductors unconven5ional-superconductors unconvenrional-superconductors unconvenfional-superconductors unconven6ional-superconductors unconvengional-superconductors unconven6ional-superconductors unconvenyional-superconductors unconvengional-superconductors unconvent8onal-superconductors unconventuonal-superconductors unconventjonal-superconductors unconvent9onal-superconductors unconventkonal-superconductors unconvent9onal-superconductors unconventoonal-superconductors unconventkonal-superconductors unconventi9nal-superconductors unconventiinal-superconductors unconventiknal-superconductors unconventi0nal-superconductors unconventilnal-superconductors unconventi0nal-superconductors unconventipnal-superconductors unconventilnal-superconductors unconventiohal-superconductors unconventiobal-superconductors unconventiojal-superconductors unconventiojal-superconductors unconventiomal-superconductors unconventionql-superconductors unconventionwl-superconductors unconventionzl-superconductors unconventionwl-superconductors unconventionsl-superconductors unconventionzl-superconductors unconventionao-superconductors unconventionak-superconductors unconventiona,-superconductors unconventionap-superconductors unconventiona.-superconductors unconventionap-superconductors unconventiona;-superconductors unconventiona.-superconductors unconventional0superconductors unconventionalpsuperconductors unconventional[superconductors unconventional-wuperconductors unconventional-auperconductors unconventional-zuperconductors unconventional-euperconductors unconventional-xuperconductors unconventional-euperconductors unconventional-duperconductors unconventional-xuperconductors unconventional-s7perconductors unconventional-syperconductors unconventional-shperconductors unconventional-s8perconductors unconventional-sjperconductors unconventional-s8perconductors unconventional-siperconductors unconventional-sjperconductors unconventional-su0erconductors unconventional-suoerconductors unconventional-sulerconductors unconventional-su-erconductors unconventional-su;erconductors unconventional-su-erconductors unconventional-su[erconductors unconventional-su;erconductors unconventional-sup3rconductors unconventional-supwrconductors unconventional-supsrconductors unconventional-sup4rconductors unconventional-supdrconductors unconventional-sup4rconductors unconventional-suprrconductors unconventional-supdrconductors unconventional-supe4conductors unconventional-supeeconductors unconventional-supedconductors unconventional-supe5conductors unconventional-supefconductors unconventional-supe5conductors unconventional-supetconductors unconventional-supefconductors unconventional-superdonductors unconventional-superxonductors unconventional-superfonductors unconventional-superfonductors unconventional-supervonductors unconventional-superc9nductors unconventional-supercinductors unconventional-supercknductors unconventional-superc0nductors unconventional-superclnductors unconventional-superc0nductors unconventional-supercpnductors unconventional-superclnductors unconventional-supercohductors unconventional-supercobductors unconventional-supercojductors unconventional-supercojductors unconventional-supercomductors unconventional-superconeuctors unconventional-superconsuctors unconventional-superconxuctors unconventional-superconructors unconventional-superconcuctors unconventional-superconructors unconventional-superconfuctors unconventional-superconcuctors unconventional-supercond7ctors unconventional-supercondyctors unconventional-supercondhctors unconventional-supercond8ctors unconventional-supercondjctors unconventional-supercond8ctors unconventional-supercondictors unconventional-supercondjctors unconventional-supercondudtors unconventional-superconduxtors unconventional-superconduftors unconventional-superconduftors unconventional-superconduvtors unconventional-superconduc5ors unconventional-superconducrors unconventional-superconducfors unconventional-superconduc6ors unconventional-superconducgors unconventional-superconduc6ors unconventional-superconducyors unconventional-superconducgors unconventional-superconduct9rs unconventional-superconductirs unconventional-superconductkrs unconventional-superconduct0rs unconventional-superconductlrs unconventional-superconduct0rs unconventional-superconductprs unconventional-superconductlrs unconventional-superconducto4s unconventional-superconductoes unconventional-superconductods unconventional-superconducto5s unconventional-superconductofs unconventional-superconducto5s unconventional-superconductots unconventional-superconductofs unconventional-superconductorw unconventional-superconductora unconventional-superconductorz unconventional-superconductore unconventional-superconductorx unconventional-superconductore unconventional-superconductord unconventional-superconductorx unconventyonal-superconductors unconventonal-superconductors unconvenyional-superconductors unconventyional-superconductors unconventional-superconductoresRichly himself--or else the devil in his shape. Yes, it's me, Roger. How've you been? Roger: bright eyed and bushy-tailed--and always ready to obey you. Richly: We weren't expecting you and I assure you, you have fallen on us from No, I came by carriage from Portsmouth where my ship happily arrived How well you look! What a face! How stout! The air in Spain must do health-- (Low) And how is my son? Has he taken good care of the business? Is it Oh, as to that, why I tell you, he has done so well--you wouldn't astonish you--my word on it. Richly: stored up a big pile of money, eh? Roger: Not at all? How's that! Roger: your footsteps. He drives your money like a race horse. If he can make That comes from setting kids a good example. I'm dying with impatience He's not inside, sir, and if you are in a hurry to see him, I Good day, Roger-- Roger: Here's a villainous loan shark who picks a fine time to come demand You know, Mr. Roger, I've been here everyday lately without finding warrant against him and you know it very well. Roger: (aside) What's this all about? Roger: concerned about! Andre: receipt and a judgement which I intend to put into.