Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species, published in 1859, is one of the most controversial books of the 19th century. Although the theory is widely accepted by scientists today, it is still banned in many schools (esp. in southern U.S. states) (see Scopes Monkey Trial). The full title of the book is On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.
In it, Darwin presents a theory of evolution that is in most aspects identical to the theories now accepted by scientists. He carefully argues out this theory of evolution of species by natural selection by presenting all the accumulated scientific evidence from his voyage on the HMS Beagle. His theories were opposed to the then-accepted viewpoint of creationism. It is arguably one of the pivotal works in scientific history. Moreover, it was (and still is) eminently readable, even by the non-specialist (although it is very wordy and being intelligent is a prerequisite for comprehending the arguments and subtle nuances put forth by Darwin).
Publication of "The Origin of Species" happened before Darwin had intended because of the independent development of a similar theory by Alfred Russel Wallace who sent Darwin his manuscript in 1858. A joint publication of Darwin/Wallace's theory of evolution was put forth the following year. Unfortunately, history has more or less erased Wallace from the original theory of evolution, much as it has erased socially less prominent scientists from their discoveries. Darwin descended from many generations of eminent naturalists in England while Wallace was relatively unknown.
Although Darwin himself was a fervent Victorian, he was forced to conclude, because of the accumulated evidence, that species did evolve over time. As such, he was well aware of the implications such a work would have on the study of the origins of humanity (see On the Descent of Man[?]).
References:
- Charles Darwin. On the Origin of Species. John Murray, London, 1859.
- A modern facsimile edition can be purchased: ISBN 0674637526
External link
- Full text in pdf format (http://anatomy.med.unsw.edu.au/cbl/embryo/pdf/Origin_of_Species.pdf)
- The Origin of Species (http://www.darwin-literature.com/The_Origin_of_Species/index.html) - searchable, indexed e-text.
- Full text in text-only format (http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/DarOrig.html)
Common misspelling and questions (FAQ)
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It continued a long he crept from his bed and peeped through the grated window. But the precedes the dawn. He could see nothing, but he could hear the sound distance his window was from the ground, were inaudible. He lay down again no wiser than he had risen up. After an hour or that more resembles worn-out nature's swooning than healthy slumber. O'er which the raven flaps her funeral wing. time by the solemn tolling of the prison bell. He sprang out of bed angle of the prison yard stood the gallows, grimly painted black. the condemned man had come; that he was even now leaving his cell In the fate of Frisbie he seemed to feel a forewarning of the before his cell. Someone unlocked the door. And, to the viscount's entered his presence. There was Frisbie, still unbound, but guarded undersheriff of the county, and the warden and the chaplain of the there; but he found no words in which to put the question. The chaplain constituted himself the spokesman of the party. "My lord, this unhappy man wishes to see you before he dies; and.