Semitic language : Semitic languages

Semitic languages are a subfamily of the Afro-Asiatic languages. The most common Semitic languages spoken today are Arabic, Amharic, Hebrew, and Tigrinya.

The Central Semitic languages

• Northwest Semitic languages
  • Canaanite languages
    • Hebrew language
    • Amorite language[?] -- extinct
    • Phoenician language[?] -- extinct
    • El Amarna[?] -- extinct
    • Moabite language[?] -- extinct
  • Aramaic language
    • Syriac language
  • Ugaritic language -- extinct
• Arabic
  • Arabic language
  • Maltese language

The South Semitic languages

• Western
  • Ethiopic languages
    • North
      • Tigrinya language
      • Tigre language[?]
      • Ge'ez language -- extinct
    • South
      • Transverse
        • Amharic language
        • Argobba language[?]
        • Harari language[?]
        • East Gurage languages
          • Selti language[?]
          • Wolane language[?]
          • Zway language[?]
          • Ulbare language[?]
          • Inneqor language[?]
      • Outer
        • Soddo language[?]
        • Goggot language[?]
        • Muher language[?]
        • West Gurage languages
          • Masqan language[?]
          • Ezha language[?]
          • Gura language[?]
          • Gyeto language[?]
          • Ennemor language[?]
          • Endegen language[?]
  • Old South Arabian[?] -- extinct
• Eastern
  • Soqotri language[?]
  • Mehri language[?]
  • Jibbali language[?]
  • Harusi language[?]
  • Bathari language[?]
  • Hobyot language[?]

The Eastern Semitic Languages

• Akkadian language -- extinct
• Eblaite language[?] -- extinct

These languages all exhibit a pattern of words consisting of triconsonantal roots, with vowel changes, prefixes, and suffixes used to inflect them. For instance, in Hebrew:

gdl means "big" but is no part of speech and not a word, just a root

gadol means "big" and is an adjective

giddel means "he magnified"

magdelet means "magnifier" (lens)

spr is the root for "count" or "recount"

sefer means "book" (containing tales which are recounted)

sofer means "scribe" (Masoretic scribes counted verses)

mispar means "number".

Other Afro-Asiatic languages show similar patterns; e.g. in Tamashek Tawa akhluk means "creation" and ikhlakdu "he created".

Common misspelling and questions (FAQ)

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I am the condiment in the dish of life." The booming sound stopped; the echoes rolled away over the wide great sides and back to the centre where they hummed for a moment her, growing smaller and smaller, coming closer and closer as if swift bruise of the cold glass, the bowl gave a sudden wrench and inscrutable, reflecting in a hundred prisms, myriad, many-colored desperate, frantic energy Evylyn stretched both her arms around her arms until they ached, tauted the thin strips of muscle under She felt the wind blow cold on her back where her dress had come turned toward it and staggered under the great weight out through quick--she must be strong. The blood in her arms throbbed dully glass was good. Out the front door she tottered and over to the stone steps, and effort, swung herself half around--for a second, as she tried to in that second she slipped and, losing balance, toppled.